The pioneer commentators are Manakkudavur and Parimelazhagar (1. CE), Dhaamatthar, Nakkar, Paridhi, Thirumalaiyar, Mallar, Kaliperumal or Pari Perumal (1. The ten commentators include Dharumar, Manakkudavar (1. There were at least ten ancient commentaries written by pioneer poets of which only six are available today. There have been several commentaries written on the Tirukkural over the centuries. Tirukkural is arguably the most reviewed work of all works in Tamil literature, and almost every major writer has written commentaries on it. This is the first known edition of the Kural text. The whole of human aspiration is epitomized in this immortal book, a book for all ages. Robinson said that Tirukkural contains all things and there is nothing which it does not contain. Now these three are everywhere forcibly inculcated by the Tamil Moralist. There is none who has given such a treasure of wisdom like him. The ancient Tamil poet Avvaiyar observed.
By occasionally referring to bliss beyond the worldly life, Valluvar equates what can be achieved in humanly life with what may be attained thereafter. Rather it speaks of the ways of cultivating one's mind to achieve the other- worldly bliss in the present life itself. Unlike religious scriptures, Tirukkural refrains from talking of hopes and promises of the other- worldly life. For example, Thirukkural is a cir formed by combining the two words thiru and ku. Ī cir is a single or a combination of more than one Tamil word. This, chiefly, has made the treatise earn the title. Other Hindu beliefs of Valluvar found in the book include previous birth and re- birth, seven births, and some ancient Indian astrological concepts, among others. The Vaishnavite beliefs of Valluvar are bolstered in his mentioning of God Vishnu in couplets 6. Valluvar's treatment of the chapters on vegetarianism and non- killing reflects the Jain precepts, where these are stringently enforced. This can be observed in his treatment of the concept of ahimsa or non- violence, which is the principal concept of both religions. The first instance of the author's name mentioned as Thiruvalluvar is found to be several centuries later in a song of praise called the Garland of Thiruvalluvar in Thiruvalluva Malai. There is no need to have any special software. You may view any specific Adhikaram by clicking on its associated link provided at the right. Text of Thirukkural Welcome to this page intended for viewing the text of Tirukkural. Kalyanasundaram, Lausanne, Switzerland Project Madurai is an open, voluntary. TIRUKKURAL English Translation and Commentary by Rev Dr G U Pope, Rev W H Drew, Rev John Lazarus and Mr F W Ellis. Since the work was written in this poetic form, it came to be known as 'Tirukkural', meaning 'sacred couplets'. Kural is a very short Tamil poetic form consisting of two lines, the first line consisting of four words (known as cirs) and the second line consisting of three, which should also conform to the grammar of Venpa, and is one of the most important forms of classical Tamil language poetry. Thiru is a term denoting divine respect, literally meaning holy or sacred. The work is dated to sometime between the third and first centuries BCE and is considered to precede Manimekalai and Silappatikaram, since they both acknowledge the Kural text. This is reflected in some of the other names by which the text is given by, such as Tami. The topic dealt with in each Adhikaram has a title and the titles are listed below. The Adhikarams in each section contain 1. The text of Tirukkural is divided into three major sections. Thirukkural is Written by Thiruvalluvar more than 2. Thirukkural, Thirukkural in Tamil, English Written by Thiruvalluvar with Meaning. Quick Introduction to Thirukkural in Tamil, English.
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Thirukkural Compilation (Tamil) by PDF Downloads of Thirukkural : TirukkuraL of Tiruvalluvar (in Tamil Script, TSCII format) Dr.Jeyabarathy's Tamil Thirukural.
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